2 results
Telephone-delivered Interpersonal Psychotherapy: a systematic review
- Mario Miniati, Francesca Marzetti, Laura Palagini, Ciro Conversano, Beatrice Buccianelli, Donatella Marazziti, Angelo Gemignani
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- Journal:
- CNS Spectrums / Volume 28 / Issue 1 / February 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 18 October 2021, pp. 16-28
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- Article
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Background
The aim of this paper is to review evidence on Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) administered via telephone (IPT-T).
MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of studies published between January 1, 1990 and June 30, 2020, assessing the efficacy of IPT administered by phone, using PubMed.
ResultsOriginally, we found 60 papers; the final selection led to 13 papers. Six studies were performed using a randomized clinical trial methodology (6/13, 46.2%), three were prospective open-label not randomized studies (3/13, 15.7%), three were pilot studies (3/13, 23.1%), and one was a feasibility/acceptance study (1/13, 7.7%). The number of subjects included in the studies ranged between 14 and 442 (mean: 140.0 ± 124.9), for a total of 1850 patients. The mean age of the enrolled subjects was 47.8 ± 9.3 years (range: 27.4-70.4). Thirty-four different instruments were utilized. Qualitative synthesis was conducted only on randomized controlled trials (RCTs), namely on six studies. RCTs were almost all of good quality (mean score/standard deviation of the RCT-Psychotherapy Quality Rating Scale omnibus rating: 5.6 ± 1.2 points; range: 3-7).
ConclusionsIPT-T showed response rates similar to IPT administered in the usual way. Results are limited by small samples sizes, selection bias of the less severe depressed patients, and the heterogeneity of rating scales.
4 - Functional MRI of the motor cortex
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- By Raphaël Massarelli, CNRS UMR 5542 Faculty Laënnec, University C. Bernard, Lyon, France, Angelo Gemignani, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Pisa, Italy, Michela Tosetti, MR Department, Stella Maris Scientific Institute, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy, Domenico Montanaro, Department of Neuroradiology, S. Chiara Hospit al, Pisa, Italy, Raffaello Cannapicchi, Department of Neuroradiology, S. Chiara Hospit al, Pisa, Italy, Claudio Munari
- Edited by Renzo Guerrini, University of London, Jean Aicardi, Hôpital Robert-Debré, Paris, Frederick Andermann, Montreal Neurological Institute & Hospital, Mark Hallett, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore
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- Book:
- Epilepsy and Movement Disorders
- Published online:
- 03 May 2010
- Print publication:
- 13 December 2001, pp 47-58
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Summary
Festina lente
The Decade of the Brain has witnessed important methodological innovations that have greatly facilitated the study and the knowledge of brain functions. Among the new tools which are nowadays at the disposition of researchers, neuroimaging techniques have attracted much interest not only among neuroscientists but also in the media since the assumption has been made public that these methodologies allow us to ‘see’ the brain at work. We will see in the following that this is partly natural exaggeration by the media. It is the feeling of the authors that a certain amount of caution should be taken into account in the case of a methodology (functional magnetic resonance imaging, fMRI) which, at present, is certainly most promising in revealing brain functions under various, and not restrictive, cerebral events such as those concerning sensory, motor and cognitive functions. This will be done in the following under the form of three questions which, we think, should be considered every time a patient (or a normal subject) is under study.
A short introduction
Neuroimaging techniques such as MRI belong to the progeny of physics which has brought a commendable intuition to become an extremely complex discipline. To clearly understand the physical principles of MRI, the knowledgeable intervention of quantum mechanics is an obligatory step. As a prerequisite, it is thus advisable to approach this methodology from a multidisciplinary standpoint, with a multidisciplinary team, and to constantly remember that what one sees might potentially be a multidisciplinary methodological artefact.
It is not within the scope of the present chapter to describe the theory of MRI. Excellent reviews have been written on the subject (see, for example, Aine, 1995).